Background Plants are hotbeds for parasites such as arthropod herbivores, which acquire
nutrients and energy from their hosts in order to grow and reproduce. Hence plants are …

Indirect defence, the adaptive top‐down control of herbivores by plant traits that enhance
predation, is a central component of plant–herbivore interactions. However, the scope of …

Heteroptera, the true bugs, are part of the largest clade of non‐holometabolous insects, the
Hemiptera, and include> 42 000 described species in about 90 families. Despite progress in …

Biological control is an important ecosystem service delivered by natural enemies. Together
with breeding for plant defence, it constitutes one of the most promising alternatives to …

This book about various types of visual defense (coloration, morphology, movement) of
plants against herbivores is not just a list of facts and hypotheses, with a reference source …

Leaves are among the most abundant organs on earth and are a defining feature of most
terrestrial ecosystems. However, a leaf is also a potential meal for a hungry animal and the …

Plants emit an extremely diverse bouquet of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from their
above-ground and below-ground parts. Emissions are constitutive or induced, eg by …

Zoophytophagous predators of the family M iridae (H eteroptera), which feed both on plant
and prey, often maintain a close relationship with certain host plants. In this study, we aimed …

Trichomes, the hair-like projections on plant leaves, have been well studied as an herbivore
defense. However, whether variation in trichome type can have negative effects through the …

Sticky plants—those having glandular trichomes (hairs) that produce adhesive, viscous
exudates—can impede the movement of, and entrap, generalist insects. Disparate arthropod …