Sustainable polymers are materials derived from renewable, recycled and waste carbon
resources and their combinations, which at the end of life can be recycled, biodegraded or …

Optical metasurfaces are planar metamaterials that can mediate highly precise light–matter
interactions. Because of their unique optical properties, both plasmonic and dielectric …

The question of silicate glass chemical durability is at the heart of many industrial and
environmental issues, with certain glasses, such as bioglasses, needing to transform rapidly …

Standard methods to assess the durability of vitrified radioactive waste were first developed
in the 1980's and, over the last 40 years, have evolved to yield a range of responses …

All materials can suffer from environmental degradation; the rate and extent of degradation
depend on the details of the material composition and structure as well as the environment …

High-level radioactive waste is accumulating at temporary storage locations around the
world and will eventually be placed in deep geological repositories. The waste forms and …

Abstract The Hanford site in Washington State houses~ 56 million gallons of radioactive
wastes stored in 177 underground tanks. The waste must be immobilized and permanently …

Radioactive waste vitrification has been carried out industrially in several countries for
nearly 40 years. Research into the formulation and long term behavior of high and …

Vibrational spectroscopy has been widely used to investigate various structural aspects of
the glass network, and there are a plethora of papers reporting subtle but consistent …

Borosilicate glass is an important material used in various industries due to its chemical
durability, such as for the immobilization of high-level nuclear waste. However, it is …