Abstract Background The glutamate (Glu) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)
hypotheses of schizophrenia were proposed in the 1980s. However, current findings on …

The glutamate and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the pathoaetiology of
schizophrenia. Both were initially based on indirect evidence from pharmacological studies …

Importance Alterations in glutamatergic neurotransmission may be fundamental to the
pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and the glutamatergic system is a target for novel …

The hippocampal formation has been implicated in a growing number of disorders, from
Alzheimer's disease and cognitive ageing to schizophrenia and depression. How can the …

Importance Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) studies indicate that altered
brain glutamatergic function may be associated with the pathophysiology of schizophrenia …

Schizophrenia is a severe chronic psychiatric illness, characterized by hallucinations and
delusions. Decreased brain volumes have been observed in the disease, although the …

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate and α7
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that is derived from astrocytes as part of the kynurenine …

Introduction: Resistance to antipsychotic treatment is a significant clinical problem in patients
with schizophrenia with approximately 1 in 3 showing limited or no response to repeated …

In mood disorders, there is growing evidence for glutamatergic abnormalities derived from
peripheral measures of glutamatergic metabolites in patients, postmortem studies on …

Glutamatergic dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia pathoaetiology, but this may vary in
extent between patients. It is unclear whether inter-individual variability in glutamate is …