Whole blood, as one of the most significant biological fluids, provides critical information for
health management and disease monitoring. Over the past 10 years, advances in …

This review article deals with the concepts, principles and applications of visible-light and
near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in in vitro …

Nature achieves differentiation of specific and nonspecific binding in molecular interactions
through precise control of biomolecules in space and time. Artificial systems such as …

Infectious diseases are a major global health issue. Diagnosis is a critical first step in
effectively managing their spread. Paper-based microfluidic diagnostics first emerged in …

The early detection of cancer can significantly reduce cancer mortality and saves lives. Thus,
a great deal of effort has been devoted to the exploration of new technologies to detect early …

CRISPR/Cas systems have displayed remarkable potential in develo** novel biosensing
applications for nucleic acid detection owing to the collateral cleavage activity of Cas effector …

With the recent advancement of nanomaterials and nanostructured materials, the point-of-
care biosensor devices have shown a potential growth to revolutionize the future …

The rapid diagnosis of pathogens is crucial in the early stages of treatment of diseases
where the choice of the correct drug can be critical. Although conventional cell culture-based …

Microfluidics consist of microfabricated structures for liquid handling, with cross sections in
the 1–500 μm range and small volume capacity (femtoliter to nanoliter). Capillary tubes …

Abstract Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices are broadly used for research in the life sciences and
diagnostics and represent a very fast moving field. LOC devices are designed, prototyped …