The 1996 originally established multiple sclerosis (MS) subtypes, based solely on clinical
impression and consensus, were revised in 2013 to review potential imaging and biological …

Personalized treatment is ideal for multiple sclerosis (MS) owing to the heterogeneity of
clinical features, but current knowledge gaps, including validation of biomarkers and …

Objective Rates of worsening and evolution to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
(MS) may be substantially lower in actively treated patients compared to natural history …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a highly heterogeneous disease with large inter-individual
differences in disease course. MS lesion pathology shows considerable heterogeneity in …

An international group of neurologists and radiologists developed revised guidelines for
standardized brain and spinal cord MR imaging for the diagnosis and follow-up of MS. A …

Importance With multiple and increasingly effective therapies for relapsing forms of multiple
sclerosis (MS), disease-free status or no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) has become a …

Multiple sclerosis (MS), is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS)
characterized by loss of motor and sensory function, that results from immune-mediated …

Purpose of review This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the current high-
efficacy disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) available for treatment of multiple sclerosis …

Due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease, it is a challenge to capture disease activity
of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a reliable and valid way. Therefore, it can be difficult to assess …

Clinically isolated syndromes (CIS), such as optic neuritis, brainstem or spinal cord
syndromes are frequently the first clinical presentations of multiple sclerosis. However, not …