Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a major public health problem and causes a range of diseases
from self-healing infections to chronic disfiguring disease. Currently, there is no vaccine for …

Leishmania is a genus of protozoan parasites that are transmitted by the bite of
phlebotomine sandflies and give rise to a range of diseases (collectively known as …

Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania parasites exhibits a wide range of clinical
manifestations. Although parasites influence disease severity, cytolytic CD8+ T cell …

The compatibility of biomaterials is critical to their structural and biological function in
medical applications. The immune system is the first responder to tissue trauma and to a …

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease that affects more than 700,000
people annually. Leishmania parasites cause the disease, and different species trigger a …

Innate cells are responsible for the rapid recognition of infection and mediate essential
mechanisms of pathogen elimination, and also facilitate adaptive immune responses. We …

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by different species of the genus Leishmania. Pro-
and anti-inflammatory cytokines play different roles in resistance/susceptibility and the …

American tegumentary leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by
Leishmania protozoans. Innate immune cells undergo long-term functional reprogramming …

Diseases caused by Leishmania present a worldwide problem, and current therapeutic
approaches are unable to achieve a sterile cure. Leishmania is able to persist in host cells …

Human cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis, presents an
exaggerated Th1 response that is associated with ulcer development. Macrophages are the …