The evolution process includes genetic alterations that started with prokaryotes and now
continues in humans. A distinct difference between prokaryotic chromosomes and …

The investigated haloarchaeal species, Halobacterium salinarum, Haloferax mediterranei,
and H. volcanii, have all been shown to be polyploid. They contain several replicons that …

Recent findings on the association of gut microbiota with various diseases, including
obesity, prompted us to investigate the possibility of using a certain type of gut bacteria as a …

Whole genome duplication, leading to polyploidy and endopolyploidy, occurs in all domains
and kingdoms and is especially prevalent in vascular plants. Both polyploidy and …

The apparently obligate symbiosis between the diazotroph Candidatus
Atelocyanobacterium thalassa (UCYN-A) and its haptophyte host, Braarudosphaera …

As the prime unification of Darwinism and genetics, the Modern Synthesis continues to
epitomize mainstay evolutionary theory. Many decades after its formulation, its anchor …

Abstract Knowledge of eukaryotic life cycles and associated genome dynamics stems
largely from research on animals, plants, and a small number of “model”(ie, easily cultivable) …

The emergence of robust single-cell 'omics techniques enables studies of uncultivable
species, allowing for the (re) discovery of diverse genomic features. In this study, we …

Bacteria and Archaea are traditionally regarded as organisms with a simple morphology
constrained to a size of 2–3 µm. Nevertheless, the history of microbial research is rich in the …

Since its original inception over 150 years ago by Darwin, we have made tremendous
progress toward the reconstruction of the Tree of Life. In particular, the transition from …