Principal component analysis (PCA) is very useful for data exploration owing to its
unsupervised nature; and has been proven to be a powerful multivariate exploratory tool for …

Electronic tongues (e-tongues) have been broadly employed in monitoring the quality of
food, beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products, and in diagnosis of diseases, as …

The manipulation of documents remains a common tool for fraudulent activities,
encompassing disputed signatures, threatening letters, counterfeit currency, false medical …

One of the great challenges of document analysis is determining document forgeries. The
present work proposes a non-destructive approach to discriminate natural and artificially …

We report a non-invasive and multi-analytical physico-chemical method for the
characterization of paper artworks, able to identify sizing, inks, and glues and to quantify …

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, particularly attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform IR (ATR-
FTIR) spectroscopy, is a powerful tool for the forensic analysis of bloodstain evidence. This …

Featured Application Authors are encouraged to provide a concise description of the specific
application or a potential application of the work. This section is not mandatory. Abstract The …

Infrared spectroscopy has been increasingly employed for document dating in forensics. In
this paper, we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of methodologies based on this …

The large increase of global counterfeit documents urges the need to explore novel methods
for forensic examination toward efficient discrimination of forged and authentic documents …

Questioned documents comprehend analysis of identity theft, forged signatures or texts,
documents alterations and falsification of security documents or banknotes. Questions …