Protein, as the material basis of vita, is the crucial undertaker of life activities, which
constitutes the framework and main substance of human tissues and organs, and takes part …

The outer retina is nourished from the choroid, a capillary bed just inside the sclera. O2,
glucose, and other nutrients diffuse out of the choroid and then filter through a monolayer of …

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet that has been used for decades
as a non-pharmacologic approach to treat metabolic disorders and refractory pediatric …

Abstract Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an extracellular matrix protein
belonging to the fibrinogen-related domain family. It has been localized to elastic fiber-rich …

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a large group of genetically and clinically
heterogeneous diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration of the retina …

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a complex spectrum of inherited retinal diseases marked by the
gradual loss of photoreceptor cells, ultimately leading to blindness. Among these, mutations …

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of
blindness among the elderly, and the exact pathogenesis of the AMD remains unclear. The …

Iron accumulation causes cell death and disrupts tissue functions, which necessitates
chelation therapy to reduce iron overload. However, clinical utilization of deferoxamine …

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is one of the most common forms of hereditary
neurodegeneration. It is caused by one or more of at least 3,100 mutations in over 80 genes …

Simple Summary Visual loss and blindness caused by retinal disease has a significant
negative effect on the quality of life of many adults and children, and as a result has become …