Catalyst layer (CL) is the core component of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells,
which determines the performance, durability, and cost. However, difficulties remain for a …

The urgent need to address the high-cost issue of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
(PEMFC) technologies, particularly for transportation applications, drives the development of …

Fe single‐atom catalysts (Fe SACs) with atomic FeNx active sites are very promising
alternatives to platinum‐based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The …

The highly efficient energy conversion of the polymer‐electrolyte‐membrane fuel cell
(PEMFC) is extremely limited by the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and …

Durability is one of the most significant technical barriers to successful commercialization of
polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for practical vehicular applications. It is …

Global reduction of traditional fuel sources such as natural gases, coal, and petroleum has
led researchers to seek prominent and beneficial energy conversion devices. Fuel cells are …

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)
are promising power sources from portable electronic devices to vehicles. The high-cost …

Transition metal atoms with corresponding nitrogen coordination are widely proposed as
catalytic centers for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N …

Metal–air fuel cells with high energy density, eco‐friendliness, and low cost bring
significantly high security to future power systems. However, the impending challenges of …

Single atomic iron modified nitrogen-doped carbons (SA Fe-NC) are promising alternatives
to Pt-based counterparts for facilitating the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) …