While insomnia is the second most common mental disorder, progress in our understanding
of underlying neurobiological mechanisms has been limited. The present review addresses …

Sleep-immune interactions are well-known phenomena in everyday life and folk wisdom.
There is no doubt that an infection makes us tired and increases the desire to sleep, and a …

The discovery of reciprocal connections between the central nervous system, sleep and the
immune system has shown that sleep enhances immune defences and that afferent signals …

Since ancient times it is known that melancholia and sleep disturbances co-occur. The
introduction of polysomnography into psychiatric research confirmed a disturbance of sleep …

From asthma and heart disease to diabetes and obesity, the human microbiome plays a role
in the pathogenesis of each chronic health condition plaguing today's society. Recent work …

For hundreds of years, mankind has been influencing its sleep and waking state through the
adenosinergic system. For~ 100 years now, systematic research has been performed, first …

Vigilant attention is a major component of a wide range of cognitive performance tasks.
Vigilant attention is impaired by sleep deprivation and restored after rest breaks and (more …

Brain activity during sleep is characterized by circuit-specific oscillations, including slow
waves, spindles and theta waves, which are nested in thalamocortical or hippocampal …

Extended wakefulness is associated with reduced performance and the build-up of sleep
pressure. In the cortex, this manifests as changes in network activity. These changes show …

Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the
retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of “sleep and …