Monocytes are innate immune cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system that have
emerged as important regulators of cancer development and progression. Our …

Detection of mismatched human leukocyte antigens by adaptive immune cells is considered
as the main cause of transplant rejection, leading to either T-cell mediated rejection or …

Purpose: CTLA-4 was the first inhibitory immune checkpoint to be identified. Two mAbs,
ipilimumab (IgG1) and tremelimumab (IgG2), which block the function of CTLA-4, have …

Rejection remains the main cause of premature graft loss after kidney transplantation,
despite the use of potent immunosuppression. This highlights the need to better understand …

MM cells express high levels of CD38, while CD38 is expressed at relatively low levels on
normal lymphoid and myeloid cells, and in some non-hematopoietic tissues. This expression …

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are fusion proteins with an extracellular antigen
recognition domain and numerous intracellular signaling domains that have been …

Several therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including those targeting epidermal
growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and CD20 …

With the objective of linking early findings relating to the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus
with potentially informative findings from prior research literature and to promote …

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus that was identified for the first time in December 2019 in
Wuhan, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) labeled the novel coronavirus …

Traditional monoclonal antibodies such as Trastuzumab encounter limitations when treating
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, particularly in …