Pesticides are important chemicals or biological agents that deter or kill pests. The use of
pesticides has continued to increase as it is still considered the most effective method to …

Although the development of mitochondrial therapies has largely focused on diseases
caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA or in nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a critical host resistance factor against tuberculosis. However,
excess TNF produces susceptibility by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species …

Bile acids are abundant in the mammalian gut, where they undergo bacteria-mediated
transformation to generate a large pool of bioactive molecules. Although bile acids are …

Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in
cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Currently, the most effective way to …

We report that cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and mesenchymal progenitors are more hypoxic
than other cardiac interstitial populations, express more hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of aerobic respiration and signaling
molecules that control various cellular functions. Nrf2 governs the gene expression of …

Cellular senescence is a potent tumor suppressor mechanism but also contributes to aging
and aging-related diseases. Senescence is characterized by a stable cell cycle arrest and a …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which mainly targets motor
symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural instability. The physiological …

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is in charge of numerous
catabolic and anabolic signaling pathways to sustain appropriate intracellular adenosine …