Traffic-like collective movements are observed at almost all levels of biological systems.
Molecular motor proteins like, for example, kinesin and dynein, which are the vehicles of …

RNA is the fundamental information transfer system in the cell. The ability to follow single
messenger RNAs (mRNAs) from transcription to degradation with fluorescent probes gives …

Unlike equilibrium statistical mechanics, with its well-established foundations, a similar
widely accepted framework for non-equilibrium statistical mechanics (NESM) remains …

Using a model based on the totally asymmetric exclusion process, we investigate the effects
of slow codons along messenger RNA. Ribosome density profiles near neighboring clusters …

Abstract mRNA translation is the fundamental process of decoding the information encoded
in mRNA molecules by the ribosome for the synthesis of proteins. The centrality of this …

Protein synthesis from mRNA is an energy-intensive and tightly controlled cellular process.
Translation elongation is a well-coordinated, multifactorial step in translation that undergoes …

Translation of mRNA into protein is a fundamental yet complex biological process with
multiple factors that can potentially affect its efficiency. Here, we study a stochastic model …

RNA polymerase (RNAP) is an enzyme that synthesizes a messenger RNA (mRNA) strand
which is complementary to a single-stranded DNA template. From the perspective of …

We consider the influence of disorder on the nonequilibrium steady state of a minimal model
for intracellular transport. In this model particles move unidirectionally according to the totally …

We study the elongation stage of mRNA translation in eukaryotes and find that, in contrast to
the assumptions of previous models, both the supply and the demand for tRNA resources …