In 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released an important report entitled
“Innovation/Stagnation: Challenge and Opportunity on the Critical Path to New Medical …

New trends in biomedical applications of the hybrid polymeric hydrogels, obtained by
combining natural polymers with synthetic ones, have been reviewed …

Nanoparticles have several exciting applications in different areas and biomedial field is not
an exception of that because of their exciting performance in bioimaging, targeted drug and …

Nanogels are nanosized crosslinked polymer networks capable of absorbing large
quantities of water. Specifically, smart nanogels are interesting because of their ability to …

Polymeric nanostructured materials (PNMs), which are polymeric materials in nanoscale or
polymer composites containing nanomaterials, have become increasingly useful for …

Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAM) microgel is perhaps the most well-known intelligent
soft nanomaterial. Combining the strengths of hydrogel and nanoparticles, with unique …

Cancer often develops multidrug resistance (MDR) when cancer cells become resistant to
numerous structurally and functionally different chemotherapeutic agents. MDR is …

Glioma is a most common type of primary brain tumors. Extracellular vesicles, in the form of
exosomes, are known to mediate cell–cell communication by transporting cell-derived …

There are two main mechanisms by which cells become multidrug resistant (MDR): by
increasing drug efflux pumps on the cell membrane and by increasing anti-apoptotic …

The e rythropoietin-p roducing h epatocellular carcinoma (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinase
family plays important roles in developmental processes, adult tissue homeostasis, and …