Variable-order (VO) fractional differential equations (FDEs) with a time (t), space (x) or other
variables dependent order have been successfully applied to investigate time and/or space …

Variable-order fractional operators were conceived and mathematically formalized only in
recent years. The possibility of formulating evolutionary governing equations has led to the …

In this paper, the characteristics of absolute value memristors are verified through the circuit
implementation and construction of a chaotic system with a conditional symmetric fractional …

The cable equation plays a central role in many areas of electrophysiology and in modeling
neuronal dynamics. This paper reports an accurate spectral collocation method for solving …

This paper studies the design of variable-order fractional proportional–integral–derivative
(VFPID) controllers for linear dynamical systems. For this purpose, a technique to discretize …

Accurate Li-ion battery modeling is integral to the design of effective battery management
systems in electric vehicles. However, the voltage–current (U–I) characteristic of Li-ion …

The aim of this paper is to develop an accurate discretization technique to solve a class of
variable-order fractional (VOF) reaction-diffusion problems. In the spatial direction, the …

Fractional calculus allows variable-order of fractional operators, which can be exploited in
diverse physical and biological applications where rates of change of the quantity of interest …

This paper is about to formulate a design of predator–prey model with constant and time
fractional variable order. The predator and prey act as agents in an ecosystem in this …

Memory is an adaptation to particular temporal properties of past events, such as the
frequency of occurrence of a stimulus or the coincidence of multiple stimuli. In neurons, this …