Sepsis is a persistent systemic inflammatory condition involving multiple organ failures
resulting from a dysregulated immune response to infection, and one of the hallmarks of …

The human innate and adaptive immune systems consist of effector cells producing
cytokines (interleukins, interferons, chemokines, and numerous other mediators). Usually, a …

The glycocalyx is a gel-like layer covering the luminal surface of vascular endothelial cells. It
is comprised of membrane-attached proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan chains …

Sepsis is defined as organ dysfunction resulting from the host's deleterious response to
infection. One of the most common organs affected is the kidneys, resulting in sepsis …

Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to an infection that leads to organ dysfunction.
Knowledge of the pathophysiology of organ failure in sepsis is crucial for optimizing the …

For more than two decades, sepsis was defined as a microbial infection that produces fever
(or hypothermia), tachycardia, tachypnoea and blood leukocyte changes. Sepsis is now …

The inflammatory response and the activation of coagulation are two important responses in
a host's defense against infection. These mechanisms do not work independently, but …

Systemic inflammation elicited by sepsis can induce an acute cerebral dysfunction known as
sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Recent evidence suggests that SAE is common …

The vascular endothelial surface is coated by the glycocalyx, a ubiquitous gel‐like layer
composed of a membrane‐binding domain that contains proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan …

Sepsis accounts for nearly 700 000 deaths in Europe annually and is caused by an
overwhelming host response to infection resulting in organ failure. The endothelium is an …