Saudi Arabia faces water scarcity and inadequate sustainable sources, particularly in
agriculture, necessitating efficient irrigation water management to improve productivity …

Agroecosystems are often impoverished ecosystems, but they can host diverse communities
of insects which provide ecosystem services. Specifically, crops may benefit from insect …

Introduction Several water quality indices exist to evaluate irrigation water quality (IWQ), but
they have some limitations. This study attempted to develop a new Overall Irrigation Water …

Water scarcity is one of the most significant constraints on agricultural production in the
world, notably in Ethiopia. In the location where this study was conducted, production is only …

This research explores the dynamic interplay of water, energy, and carbon in Axarquia,
Spain (1990–2030), focusing on the escalating water deficit and rising emissions. It seeks to …

The efficient application of irrigation and fertilizer are very important for optimizing crop water
productivity and water losses even in drip irrigation. The application of sensor for monitoring …

The tomato is a vital component of agriculture and is the second-most important vegetable
globally. Maintaining a high tomato production requires both water quality and quantity …

Water scarcity is a global challenge that threatens agricultural productivity and food security.
Irrigation agriculture consumes most of the world's freshwater resources and often suffers …

To optimize irrigation, agronomists need to modulate crop water productivity (CWP)
throughout phenology. We compared regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and sustained deficit …

Objectives: To assess the carbonate concentration in relation to calcium and magnesium
concentrations and to determine TDS and sodium concentration in relation to other cations …