This paper presents an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize
the coefficients of the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for trajectory tracking …

The Kalman filter algorithm estimates variables of linear systems combining information from
real sensors and a mathematical model of the system. It may be applied to observe …

In construction automation, excavators frequently undertake intricate contouring tasks,
including precise leveling and surface sha**. However, the absence of a dynamic model …

Traditional modeling methods for digging load of excavators are often computationally
expensive and require prior knowledge of soil parameters, which severely limits their …

The accurate prediction of digging load serves as a fundamental cornerstone for advancing
the development of intelligent and unmanned excavators. Given the complex nonlinear …

The aim of this work is to present a novel accurate estimator for vehicle dynamics. Following
the multibody dynamics approach, a vehicle can be modeled with a high level of detail …

Real-world products and physics-based simulations are becoming interconnected. In
particular, real-time capable dynamic simulation has made it possible for simulation models …

Abstract Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) testing is an effective means to improve the development
process of construction machinery. This paper presents a HIL test bench for hydraulic …

Accurate measurement of loader's working resistance is crucial for autonomous intelligence
and energy-saving optimization. This study highlights the limitations of strain sensors used …

Automatization of hydraulic machinery requires accurate information of the current dynamic
state of the machinery but also information of the underlying dynamic model characterized …