The species concept is the cornerstone of biodiversity science, and any paradigm shift in the
delimitation of species affects many research fields. Many biologists now are embracing a …

Neotropical freshwater fishes (NFFs) constitute the most diverse continental vertebrate fauna
on Earth, with more than 6,200 named species compressed into an aquatic footprint< 0.5 …

Although some lineages of animals and plants have made impressive adaptive radiations
when provided with ecological opportunity, the propensities to radiate vary profoundly …

Although primarily studied through the lens of community ecology, phenomena consistent
with priority effects appear to be widespread across many different scenarios spanning a …

Adaptive radiation plays a fundamental role in our understanding of the evolutionary
process. However, the concept has provoked strong and differing opinions concerning its …

Inferring the intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of species diversification and phenotypic disparity
across the tree of life is a major challenge in evolutionary biology. In green plants, polyploidy …

Contents Summary 669 I. Model clades for the study and integration of ecology and
evolution 670 II. Oaks: an important model clade 671 III. Insights from the history of the …

Speciation is often thought of as a slow process due to the waiting times for mutations that
cause incompatibilities, and permit ecological differentiation or assortative mating. Cases of …

The idea of 'key innovations' has long been influential in theoretical and empirical
approaches to understanding adaptive diversification. Despite originally revolving around …

Few topics in geobiology have been as extensively debated as the role of Earth's
oxygenation in controlling when and why animals emerged and diversified. All currently …