The study of animal emotion, as with its human equivalent, can be confusing due to the
complicated and inconsistent use of terminology, and the number of interlinked fields and …

Emotion recognition represents the ability to encode an ensemble of sensory stimuli
providing information about the emotional state of another individual. This ability is not …

Whether non-human animals can recognize human signals, including emotions, has both
scientific and applied importance, and is particularly relevant for domesticated species. This …

Although previous studies of horses have investigated their facial expressions in specific
contexts, eg pain, until now there has been no methodology available that documents all the …

Primates communicate with each other using a wide range of signals: olfactory signals to
mark territories, screams to recruit help while fighting, gestures to request food and facial …

Today, we see a growing concern for the quality of life of nonhuman animals and an
accompanying call for viable means of assessing how well animals thrive. Past research …

Animal welfare is a key issue for industries that use or impact upon animals. The accurate
identification of welfare states is particularly relevant to the field of bioscience, where the …

Darwin observed that form, and in his view, meaning, of facial behaviour (observable
changes in the appearance of the face, often termed facial 'expression') is similar between a …

Facial expressions are considered sensitive indicators of emotional states in humans and
many animals. Identifying facial indicators of emotion is a major challenge and little …

Behavioural and physiological markers of discrete positive emotions remain little
investigated in animals. To characterise new markers in horses, we used tactile stimulations …