A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the
adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little …

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal network generates pulse and surge
modes of gonadotropin secretion critical for puberty and fertility. The arcuate nucleus …

At the present time, no viable treatment exists for cognitive and olfactory deficits in Down
syndrome (DS). We show in a DS model (Ts65Dn mice) that these progressive …

Significant progress has been made recently in unravelling the embryonic events leading to
pituitary morphogenesis, both in vivo and in vitro. This includes dissection of the molecular …

Pubertal timing varies considerably and is associated with later health outcomes. We
performed multi-ancestry genetic analyses on~ 800,000 women, identifying 1,080 signals for …

Both endocrine and non-endocrine cells of the pituitary gland are organized into structural
and functional networks which are formed during embryonic development but which may be …

Sex differences in brain neuroanatomy and neurophysiology underpin considerable
physiological and behavioural differences between females and males. Sexual …

Kisspeptin–GPR54 signaling in the hypothalamus is required for reproduction and fertility in
mammals. Kiss1 neurons are key regulators of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) …

Human Biochemistry includes clinical case studies and applications that are useful to
medical, dentistry and pharmacy students. It enables users to practice for future careers as …

GnRH signaling regulates reproductive physiology in vertebrates via the hypothalamic-
pituitary-gonadal axis. In addition, GnRH signaling has been postulated to act on the brain …