A growing number of students in higher education are using ChatGPT for various
educational purposes, ranging from seeking information to writing essays. Although many …

Pedagogical agents, characters that guide through multimedia learning environments,
recently gained increasing interest. A review was published by Clarebout, Elen, Johnson …

The Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition presents practical tools
and techniques for implementing natural language processing in computer systems. Along …

Recent years have witnessed the birth of a new paradigm for learning environments:
animated pedagogical agents. These lifelike autonomous characters cohabit learning …

Narrative, and in particular storytelling, is an important part of the human experience.
Consequently, computational systems that can reason about narrative can be more effective …

In 2 experiments, learners who were seated at a computer workstation received a narrated
animation about lightning formation. Then, they took a retention test, took a transfer test, and …

This article offers a survey of computational research on referring expression generation
(REG). It introduces the REG problem and describes early work in this area, discussing what …

Many of the intelligent tutoring systems that have been developed during the last 20 years
have proven to be quite successful, particularly in the domains of mathematics, science, and …

How do social cues such as gesturing, facial expression, eye gaze, and human-like
movement affect multimedia learning with onscreen agents? To help address this question …

This paper describes Steve, an animated agent that helps students learn to perform
physical, procedural tasks. The student and Steve cohabit a three-dimensional, simulated …