Non-perennial river segments—those that recurrently cease to flow or frequently dry—occur
in all river networks and are globally more abundant than perennial (always flowing) …

Small waterbodies, including ponds and small lakes, low-order streams, ditches and
springs, are the most numerous freshwater environments globally, are critical for freshwater …

Flowing waters have a unique role in supporting global biodiversity, biogeochemical cycles
and human societies,,,–. Although the importance of permanent watercourses is well …

Rivers that do not flow year-round are the predominant type of running waters on Earth.
Despite a burgeoning literature on natural flow intermittence (NFI), knowledge about the …

For many decades, river research has been focused on perennial rivers. Intermittent river
research has a shorter history, and recent studies suggest that alternating dry and wet …

The River Continuum Concept (RCC) is a milestone in stream ecology because of its
comprehensive evaluation of the structure and function of lotic ecosystems. Linking stream …

Protecting hydrologic connectivity of freshwater ecosystems is fundamental to ensuring
species persistence, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. More frequent and severe …

Headwater streams and wetlands are integral components of watersheds that are critical for
biodiversity, fisheries, ecosystem functions, natural resource‐based economies, and human …

Non-perennial rivers and streams (NPRS) cover> 50% of the global river network. They are
particularly predominant in Mediterranean Europe as a result of dry climate conditions …

A proposed ruling by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), aimed at clarifying
which bodies of water that flow intermittently are protected under law, has provoked conflict …