The key challenges of the building, engineering, construction, operations, and mining
(BECOM) industries are the lack of trust, inefficiencies, and the fragmentation of the …

Consensus algorithms are applied in the context of distributed computer systems to improve
their fault tolerance. The explosive development of distributed ledger technology following …

As key technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, blockchain and digital twins have
great potential to enhance collaboration, data sharing, efficiency, and sustainability in the …

The basic properties of blockchain, such as decentralization, security, and immutability,
show promising potential for IoT applications. The main feature—decentralization of …

Blockchain technology (BCT) can enable distributed collaboration, enhance data sharing,
and automate back-end processes for digital twin (DT) decentralized applications (dApps) in …

Typically, protocols for Byzantine agreement (BA) are designed to run in either a
synchronous network (where all messages are guaranteed to be delivered within some …

The consensus mechanism is a core component of Blockchain technology, allowing
thousands of nodes to agree on a single and consistent view of the Blockchain. A carefully …

In this study, we explore the challenges and potential solutions to blockchain-based voting.
As a first step, we present a comparison of the relevant platforms for implementing smart …

During the last decade, distributed ledger solutions such as blockchain have gained
significant attention due to their decentralized, immutable, and verifiable features. However …

With the rapid advancement and wide application of blockchain technology, blockchain
consensus protocols, which are the core part of blockchain systems, along with the privacy …