Accurate predictions of the three-dimensional structures of proteins from their amino acid
sequences have come of age. AlphaFold, a deep learning-based approach to protein …

Recognition of the natural abundance and functional importance of intrinsically disordered
proteins (IDPs), and protein hybrids that contain both intrinsically disordered protein regions …

Stress granules (SGs) are cytosolic biomolecular condensates that form in response to
cellular stress. Weak, multivalent interactions between their protein and RNA constituents …

At the turn of the twenty-first century, fundamental changes took place in the understanding
of the structure and function of proteins and then in the appreciation of the intracellular …

Abstract α-synuclein (αS) is a protein involved in neurotransmitter release in presynaptic
terminals, and whose aberrant aggregation is associated with Parkinson's disease. In …

Research of a past decade and a half leaves no doubt that complete understanding of
protein functionality requires close consideration of the fact that many functional proteins do …

The abundant existence of proteins and regions that possess specific functions without
being uniquely folded into unique 3D structures has become accepted by a significant …

Signaling pathways allow cells to detect and respond to a wide variety of chemical (eg Ca2+
or chemokine proteins) and physical stimuli (eg, sheer stress, light). Together, these …

It is clear now that eukaryotic cells contain numerous membrane-less organelles, many of
which are formed in response to changes in the cellular environment. Being typically liquid …

It is recognized now that various proteinaceous membrane‐less organelles (PMLOs) are
commonly found in cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria of various eukaryotic cells (as well …