Due to their unique physicochemical properties, graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) are
widely used in many fields, especially in biomedical applications. Currently, many studies …

Fetal development is a crucial window of susceptibility in which exposure may lead to
detrimental health outcomes at birth and later in life. The placenta serves as a gatekeeper …

Background Epidemiological and animal studies provide compelling indications that
environmental and engineered nanomaterials (NMs) pose a risk for pregnancy, fetal …

Abstract Background Titanium dioxide (TiO 2) is broadly used in common consumer goods,
including as a food additive (E171 in Europe) for colouring and opacifying properties. The …

Background Nanoparticles, which are exposed to biological fluids are rapidly interacting
with proteins and other biomolecules forming a corona. In addition to dimension, charge and …

We summarized the findings of reproductive and developmental toxicity studies on carbon-
based nanomaterials (CNMs). Placental transfer of fullerenes in rats and single-walled (SW) …

Background Nanoparticle exposure in utero might not be a major concern yet, but it could
become more important with the increasing application of nanomaterials in consumer and …

The increasing use of nanoparticles in products likely results in increased exposure of both
workers and consumers. Because of their small size, there are concerns that nanoparticles …

Although various drugs, environmental pollutants and nanoparticles (NP) can cross the
human placental barrier and may harm the develo** fetus, knowledge on predictive …

The human placenta is a multifunctional organ constituting the barrier between maternal and
fetal tissues. Nanoparticles can cross the placental barrier, and there is increasing evidence …