The first-principles band theory paradigm has been a key player not only in the process of
discovering new classes of topologically interesting materials, but also for identifying salient …

Topological insulators are electronic materials that have a bulk band gap like an ordinary
insulator but have protected conducting states on their edge or surface. These states are …

Over the past decade, topological materials—in which the topology of electron bands in the
bulk material leads to robust, unconventional surface states and electromagnetism—have …

Topological electronic materials such as bismuth selenide, tantalum arsenide and sodium
bismuthide show unconventional linear response in the bulk, as well as anomalous gapless …

Topological insulators represent a new quantum state of matter which is characterized by
peculiar edge or surface states that show up due to a topological character of the bulk wave …

Two-dimensional topological insulators (2D TIs) are a remarkable class of atomically thin
layered materials that exhibit unique symmetry-protected helical metallic edge states with an …

Experimental observation of topological order in three-dimensional bulk solids has recently
led to a flurry of research activity,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,. Unlike the two-dimensional electron gas or …

The recently discovered three-dimensional or bulk topological insulators are expected to
exhibit exotic quantum phenomena. It is believed that a trivial insulator can be twisted into a …

The surface of a topological insulator plays host to an odd number of linearly-dispersing
Dirac fermions, protected against back-scattering by time-reversal symmetry. Such …

Recently, topological insulator materials have been theoretically predicted and
experimentally observed in both 2D and 3D systems. We first review the basic models and …