The aim of this ESC Guideline is to help health professionals manage people with heart
failure (HF) according to the best available evidence. Fortunately, we now have a wealth of …

The vast majority of acute heart failure episodes are characterized by increasing symptoms
and signs of congestion with volume overload. The goal of therapy in those patients is the …

Abstract Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator)(Netherlands),
P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator)(Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt) …

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex multifactorial clinical syndrome with extremely high
mortality, develo** as a continuum, and progressing from the initial insult (underlying …

This article updates the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
(ESC) 2007 classification of advanced heart failure and describes new diagnostic and …

Appropriate interpretation of changes in markers of kidney function is essential during the
treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Historically, kidney function was primarily …

Acute heart failure (AHF) is a syndrome defined as the new onset (de novo heart failure
(HF)) or worsening (acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF)) of symptoms and signs of …

Heart failure is the most common cardiovascular reason for hospital admission for people
older than 60 years of age. Few areas in medicine have progressed as remarkably as heart …

Variants in> 12 genes encoding sarcomeric proteins can cause various cardiomyopathies.
The two most common are hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy …

Novel pharmacologic treatment options reduce mortality and morbidity in a cost‐effective
manner in patients with heart failure (HF). Undisputedly, the effective implementation of …