Chronic exposure to environmental pollutants is a major contributor to the development and
progression of obstructive airway diseases, including asthma and COPD. Understanding the …

Despite showing a great promise in the field of nanomedicine, nanoparticles have gained a
significant attention from regulatory agencies regarding their possible adverse health effects …

Nevertheless its mechanism has not been well explained yet, PM2. 5 is recognized to
exacerbate asthma. In the present study, the roles of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4 and …

Background Inflammasome-activated IL-1β plays a major role in lung neutrophilic
inflammation induced by inhaled silica. However, the exact mechanisms that contribute to …

Outdoor air pollution is a major environmental health problem throughout the world. In
particular, exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with the development …

IL‐33, a member of the IL‐1 family, was initially reported to be expressed constitutively in the
nucleus of tissue‐lining and structural cells. However, upon tissue damage or injury, IL‐33 …

Recent developments in epidemiology have confirmed that airborne particulates are directly
associated with respiratory pathology and mortality. Although clinical studies have yielded …

Background Although the prominent role of TH 2 cells in type 2 immune responses is well
established, the newly identified type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) can also contribute to …

Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite
wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to …

Background/Aims: Bone marrow (BM)-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a
critical role in angiogenesis and vascular repair. Some environmental insults, like fine …