Experimental evolution is the study of evolutionary processes occurring in experimental
populations in response to conditions imposed by the experimenter. This research approach …

Pleiotropy is defined as the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more distinct
phenotypic traits. The term was formally introduced into the literature by the German …

Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by
analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction …

Laboratory evolution studies provide fundamental biological insight through direct
observation of the evolution process. They not only enable testing of evolutionary theory and …

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa undergoes genetic change during
chronic airway infection of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. One common change is a mutation …

Biofilms are a major form of microbial life in which cells form dense surface associated
communities that can persist for many generations. The long-life of biofilm communities …

The study of the proteome (proteomics), which includes the dynamics of protein expression,
regulation, interactions and its function, has played a less prominent role in evolutionary and …

Microbiology research has recently undergone major developments that have led to great
progress towards obtaining an integrated view of microbial cell function. Microbial genetics …

Between the 1930s and 1950s, scientists developed key principles of population genetics to
try and explain the aging process. Almost a century later, these aging theories, including …

Understanding the connections among genotype, phenotype, and fitness through
evolutionary time is a central goal of evolutionary genetics. Wrinkly spreader (WS) …