The so-called 'replicability crisis' has sparked methodological discussions in many areas of
science in general, and in psychology in particular. This has led to recent endeavours to …

A key criticism of the main diagnostic tool in psychiatry, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Health Disorders (DSM-IV), is that it lacks a biological footing. In this article, we …

Research from recent decades has highlighted the distinction between excitatory and
inhibitory Pavlovian learning mechanisms. Based on this distinction, state-of-the-art …

Exposure therapy is an effective approach for treating anxiety disorders, although a
substantial number of individuals fail to benefit or experience a return of fear after treatment …

Exposure-based treatments for clinical anxiety generally are very effective, but relapse is not
uncommon. Likewise, laboratory studies have shown that conditioned fears are easy to …

Extinction serves as the leading theoretical framework and experimental model to describe
how learned behaviors diminish through absence of anticipated reinforcement. In the past …

Prevailing models of exposure therapy for phobias and anxiety disorders construe level of
fear throughout exposure trials as an index of corrective learning. However, the evidence …

This article provides a selective review and integration of the behavioral literature on
Pavlovian extinction. The first part reviews evidence that extinction does not destroy the …

There is now ample evidence that extinction, the loss of learned performance that occurs
when a Pavlovian signal or an instrumental action is repeatedly presented without its …

Excessive fear and anxiety are hallmarks of a variety of disabling anxiety disorders that
affect millions of people throughout the world. Hence, a greater understanding of the brain …