or therapeutic medical strategies. However, the ESC Guidelines do not override in any way
whatsoever the individual responsibility of health professionals to make appropriate and …

Pulmonary hypertension is a progressive and often fatal cardiopulmonary condition
characterised by increased pulmonary arterial pressure, structural changes in the pulmonary …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary
vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of …

Background: Right ventricular (RV) function is the major determinant for both functional
capacity and survival in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite the …

This guideline presents reference limits for use in echocardiographic practice, updating
previous guidance from the British Society of Echocardiography. The rationale for change is …

The structure and function of the right side of the heart is influenced by a wide range of
physiological and pathological conditions. Quantification of right heart parameters is …

Since cardiac ultrasound was introduced into medical practice around the middle twentieth
century, transthoracic echocardiography has developed to become a highly sophisticated …

Background Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a chronic disease with
substantial mortality. Management of HFrEF has seen significant breakthrough after the …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) develo** secondarily in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients
(PF-PH) is a frequent co-morbidity. The high prevalence of PH in PF patients is very …

Objective Despite previous research that focused on liver transaminases as predictors of
cardiovascular disease, there has been limited research evaluating the predictive value of …