Anxiety is experienced in response to threats that are distal or uncertain, involving changes
in one's subjective state, autonomic responses, and behavior. Defensive and physiologic …

The medial frontal cortex and adjacent orbitofrontal cortex have been the focus of
investigations of decision-making, behavioral flexibility, and social behavior. We review …

It is proposed that a cognitive map encoding the relationships between entities in the world
supports flexible behavior, but the majority of the neural evidence for such a system comes …

Adaptive behaviour requires the ability to focus on a task and protect it from distraction
(cognitive stability) and to rapidly switch tasks when circumstances change (cognitive …

“This is an important book and likely the most thoughtful of the year in the social sciences...
Highly recommended, it is likely to prove one of the most thought-provoking books of the …

Over the past 20 years, neuroscience research on reward-based learning has converged on
a canonical model, under which the neurotransmitter dopamine 'stamps in'associations …

Humans do not integrate new information objectively: outcomes carrying a positive affective
value and evidence confirming one's own prior belief are overweighed. Until recently …

The frontal lobes are important for cognitive control, yet their functional organization remains
controversial. An influential class of theory proposes that the frontal lobes are organized …

In recent years deep reinforcement learning (RL) systems have attained superhuman
performance in a number of challenging task domains. However, a major limitation of such …

The term 'stress'–coined in 1936–has many definitions, but until now has lacked a
theoretical foundation. Here we present an information-theoretic approach–based on the …