Butterfly wings are covered with regularly arranged single-colored scales that are formed at
the pupal stage. Understanding pupal wing development is therefore crucial to understand …

Baculoviruses are double-stranded DNA entomopathogenic viruses that infect
predominantly insects of the order Lepidoptera. Research in the last decade has started to …

Protein delivery to cells in vivo has great potential for the functional analysis of proteins in
nonmodel organisms. In this study, using the butterfly wing system, we investigated a …

Species determination and definition in eukaryotes have traditionally been based on
morphology, with little focus on genetic differentiation. Molecular methods allow for the …

Background Butterfly wing color patterns emerge as the result of a regular arrangement of
scales produced by epithelial scale cells at the pupal stage. These color patterns and scale …

Butterfly wing color patterns are determined during the late larval and early pupal stages.
Characterization of wing epithelial cells at these stages is thus critical to understand how …

Background The border ocellus, or eyespot, is a conspicuous color pattern element in
butterfly wings. For two decades, it has been hypothesized that transcription factors such as …

With the exception of a few moth and butterfly species, gene-editing tools in Lepidoptera
have been lagging behind other well-studied insects. In order to elucidate gene function …

Abstract Junonia lemonias (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae), the lemon pansy, is a
nymphalid butterfly found throughout South and Southeast Asia. Its wings display seasonal …

Colour pattern development of butterfly wings has been studied from several different
approaches. However, developmental changes in the pupal wing tissues have rarely been …