Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) infection is a substantial health and
economic burden worldwide. Great strides have been made over the past several years in …

C. difficile infection (CDI) is a costly and increasing burden on the healthcare systems of
many developed countries due to the high rates of nosocomial infections. Despite the …

Clostridioides difficile, the major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, is a strict anaerobic,
sporulating Firmicutes. However, during its infectious cycle, this anaerobe is exposed to low …

The microbiota inhabiting the intestinal tract provide several critical functions to its host.
Microorganisms found at the mucosal layer form organized three-dimensional structures …

In a healthy colon, the stratified mucus layer serves as a crucial innate immune barrier to
protect the epithelium from microbes. Mucins are complex glycoproteins that serve as a …

Clostridioides difficile (previously Clostridium difficile) causes life-threatening gut infections.
The central metabolism of the bacterium is strongly influencing toxin production and …

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a serious disease with a high recurrence rate. The
single and mixed biofilms formed by C. difficile in the gut contribute to the formation of …

Highlights•Clostridioides difficile can form aggregate biofilms and surface-attached
biofilms.•Transition to a biofilm state is dependent on the production of c-di-GMP.•Cyclic-di …

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), previously Clostridium difficile infection, is a
symptomatic infection of the large intestine caused by the spore-forming anaerobic, gram …

The alternative sigma factor SigL (Sigma-54) facilitates bacterial adaptation to the
extracellular environment by modulating the expression of defined gene subsets. A homolog …