Research on clientelism often starts from a shared puzzle: How can clientelism be a viable
electoral strategy if voters can renege on their commitments to politicians? The standard …

The last 20 years have witnessed an impressive outpouring of comparative politics research
examining urban politics in the develo** world. This research advances our …

Populism is the key political phenomenon of the 21st century. From Trump to Brexit, from
Chávez to Podemos, the term has been used to describe leaders, parties and movements …

Although the study of populism has traditionally been the domain of Latin Americanists,
research here has become increasingly comparative. One of the most important payoffs of …

Particularly in develo** countries, there is a gap between written law and behavior.
Comparative research emphasizes that laws go unenforced due to resource constraints or …

This chapter aims to briefly map out what scholars say populism is. It focuses on how
populists use the media. Sociologists and historians first used the concept of populism to …

Develo** countries made considerable gains during the first decade of the 21st century.
Their economies grew at unprecedented rates, resulting in large reductions in extreme …

Democratic transitions in the early 1990s introduced a sea change in Sub-Saharan African
politics. Between 1990 and 2015, several hundred competitive legislative and presidential …

India's urban slums exhibit dramatic variation in their access to local public goods and
services-paved roads, piped water, trash removal, sewers, and streetlights. Why are some …

Populist rule is bad for democracy, yet in country after country, populists are being voted into
office. Populism and Patronage shows that the populists such as Indira Gandhi and …