CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like genes belong to the TCP transcription factor family and play
important roles associated with flower development. The CYC-like genes in the CYC1 …

This paper provides a step-by-step guide for the morphological analysis of corolla and the
decomposition of corolla shape variation into its symmetric and asymmetric components …

Studies of shape asymmetry have become increasingly abundant as the methods of
geometric morphometrics have gained widespread use. Most of these studies have …

Abstract Iris sanguinea Donn ex Horn. is a common perennial ornamental herb in Northeast
China due to its strong cold-resistance capacity. In this study, integrative analyses of …

Background Recently, great technical progress has been achieved in the field of plant
phenoty**. High-throughput platforms and the development of improved algorithms for …

Background An outstanding question in evolutionary biology is how genetic interactions
defining novel traits evolve. They may evolve either by de novo assembly of previously non …

In Ecuador, there is a progressive loss of the native forest. To mitigate these problems,
several reforestation plans have been carried out in the country. To recover the Andean …

Many diverse plant clades possess bilaterally symmetrical flowers and specialised
pollination syndromes, suggesting that these traits may promote diversification. We …

Flower morphologies shape the accessibility to nectar and pollen, two major traits that
determine plant–pollinator interactions and reproductive success. Melon is an economically …

Directional asymmetry is a systematic difference between the left and right sides for
structures with bilateral symmetry or a systematic differentiation among repeated parts for …