Persistent, low‐grade inflammation is now considered a hallmark feature of chronic kidney
disease (CKD), being involved in the development of all‐cause mortality of these patients …

Renal tubules are the major component of the kidney and are vulnerable to a variety of
injuries including hypoxia, proteinuria, toxins, metabolic disorders, and senescence. It has …

Following acute kidney injury (AKI), renal tubular cells may stimulate fibroblasts in a
paracrine fashion leading to interstitial fibrosis, but the paracrine factors and their regulation …

Aims Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes
in diverse patient populations, but their mechanism of action requires further study. The aim …

Tubulointerstitial abnormalities are predictive of the progression of diabetic kidney disease
(DKD), and their targeting may be an effective means for prevention. Proximal tubular (PT) …

Renal fibrosis is the final pathological process common to any ongoing, chronic kidney
injury or maladaptive repair. It is considered as the underlying pathological process of …

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a chronic and progressive process affecting kidneys during aging
and in chronic kidney disease (CKD), regardless of cause. CKD and renal fibrosis affect half …

Despite advancements in standardizing the criteria for acute kidney injury (AKI), its definition
remains based on changes in serum creatinine and urinary output that do not specifically …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern associated with high morbidity,
mortality, and healthcare costs. Other than dialysis, no therapeutic interventions reliably …

The transition of AKI to CKD has major clinical significance. As reviewed here, recent studies
show that a subpopulation of dedifferentiated, proliferating tubules recovering from AKI …