Liquid water is essential for life as we know it, ie carbon-based life. Although other
compound-solvent pairs that could exist in very specific physical environments could be …

This review of material relevant to the Conference on Biosignature Preservation and
Detection in Mars Analog Environments summarizes the meeting materials and discussions …

The first samples collected by the Mars 2020 mission represent units exposed on the Jezero
Crater floor, from the potentially oldest Séítah formation outcrops to the potentially youngest …

The second ExoMars mission will be launched in 2020 to target an ancient location
interpreted to have strong potential for past habitability and for preserving physical and …

Collocated crystal sizes and mineral identities are critical for interpreting textural
relationships in rocks and testing geological hypotheses, but it has been previously …

We describe the history and features of the Ladder of Life Detection, a tool intended to guide
the design of investigations to detect microbial life within the practical constraints of robotic …

Abstract The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) instrument onboard the
ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory …

Early Mars climate research has well-defined goals (MEPAG 2018). Achieving these goals
requires geologists and climate modelers to coordinate. Coordination is easier if results are …

Critical to the origin of life are the ingredients of life, of course, but also the physical and
chemical conditions in which prebiotic chemical reactions can take place. These factors …

Return of samples from the surface of Mars has been a goal of the international Mars
science community for many years. Affirmation by NASA and ESA of the importance of Mars …