Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has rapidly transformed the treatment paradigm for
various cancer types. Multiple single or combinations of ICB treatments have been approved …

Epidemiological studies have shown a dramatic increase in the incidence and the
prevalence of allergic diseases over the last several decades. Environmental triggers …

Pediatric-onset colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have significant effects on the
growth of infants and children, but the etiopathogenesis underlying disease subtypes …

The develo** human fetus generates both tolerogenic and protective immune responses
in response to the unique requirements of gestation. Thus, a successful human pregnancy …

Genetic lesions in X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) pre‐dispose humans to cell death–
associated inflammatory diseases, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear …

Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and hematopoietic antigen presenting cells (HAPCs) in the
thymus microenvironment provide essential signals to self-reactive thymocytes that induce …

Background Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) is a chronic
inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract occurring during infancy or early childhood …

CD8+ T cells are an important component of the body's adaptive immune response. During
viral or intracellular bacterial infections, CD8+ T cells are rapidly activated and differentiated …

Genotype 3 Hepatitis E virus (HEV-3) is an emerging threat for aging population. More than
one third of older infected patients develops clinical symptoms with severe liver damage …

Highlights•Type 2 immune responses are marked by distinct metabolic requirements.•
Heightened lipid metabolism is a shared feature of Th2 and ILC2.•PPARγ couples the …