Exceptional drought events, known as megadroughts, have occurred on every continent
outside Antarctica over the past~ 2,000 years, causing major ecological and societal …

The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate
change. This perilous change in the Earth's climate is caused by increases in carbon dioxide …

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessments are the trusted source of
scientific evidence for climate negotiations taking place under the United Nations …

Recent Third Pole’s Rapid Warming Accompanies Cryospheric Melt and Water Cycle
Intensification and Interactions between Monsoon and Environment: Multidisciplinary …

Multidecadal surface temperature changes may be forced by natural as well as
anthropogenic factors, or arise unforced from the climate system. Distinguishing these …

Atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations are at unprecedented, record-high
levels compared to the last 800 000 years. Those elevated GHG concentrations warm the …

Volcanic eruptions have long been studied for their wide range of climatic effects. Although
global-scale climatic impacts following the formation of stratospheric sulfate aerosol are well …

Abstract The Modern Era Reanalysis (ModE-RA) is a global monthly paleo-reanalysis
covering the period between 1421 and 2008. To reconstruct past climate fields an offline …

The implementation of boundary conditions is a key aspect of climate simulations. We
describe here how the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) forcing data …

The injection of sulfur into the stratosphere by explosive volcanic eruptions is the cause of
significant climate variability. Based on sulfate records from a suite of ice cores from …