Develo** economically viable, scalable, and sustainable technologies for the conversion
of lignocellulosic polysaccharides to liquid fuels is widely seen as a centerpiece of the …

Highlights•Cellulosic biofuels are becoming a commercial reality but are still
expensive.•Cost-lowering innovations can involve established or new paradigms.• …

Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and sustainable raw material, but its conversion into
ethanol fuel has not yet achieved large-scale industrialization and economic benefits …

Highlights•DF is limited by low yields, hence integration with secondary energy recovery
methods is essential.•Efficient pretreatments for biomass with improved reactor designs …

Valorization of all major lignocellulose components, including lignin, cellulose, and
hemicellulose is critical for an economically viable bioeconomy. In most biochemical …

Highlights•Biomass deconstruction is a complex process requiring divergent natural
strategies.•Microbes have co-evolved to ensure efficient chemical recycling in the …

Cotton stalk is the most widely generated agricultural residue with lower economic
importance, and can be employed as a feedstock in lignocellulosic biorefinery for the …

Microbial cell factories are becoming increasingly popular for the sustainable production of
various chemicals. Metabolic engineering has led to the design of advanced cell factories; …

The fiber in corn kernels, currently unutilized in the corn to ethanol process, represents an
opportunity for introduction of cellulose conversion technology. We report here that …

Renewable alternatives for nonelectrifiable fossil-derived chemicals are needed and plant
matter, the most abundant biomass on Earth, provide an ideal feedstock. However, the …