By synthesizing recent studies employing a wide range of approaches (modern
observations, paleo reconstructions, and climate model simulations), this paper provides a …

General circulation models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6)
are examined with respect to their ability to simulate the mean state and variability of the …

The AR5 concluded that human influence on the climate system is clear, evident from
increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing …

Climate models have continued to be developed and improved since the AR4, and many
models have been extended into Earth System models by including the representation of …

The climate impacts of the observed Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) are investigated
using the GFDL CM2. 1 and the NCAR CESM1 coupled climate models. The model North …

Sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean strongly impacts the
climate on the surrounding continents. On interannual time scales, highest SST variability …

The eastern boundaries of the tropical and subtropical oceans are regions of high biological
productivity that support some of the world's largest fisheries. They also feature extensive …

Different scenarios of precipitation, that lead to such phenomena as droughts and floods are
influenced by concurrent multiple teleconnection factors. However, the multivariate …

The Sahel experienced a severe drought during the 1970s and 1980s after wet periods in
the 1950s and 1960s. Although rainfall partially recovered since the 1990s, the drought had …

Global and regional climate change assessments rely heavily on the general circulation
model (GCM) outputs such as provided by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project …