Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), including mangrove forests, seagrass meadows and tidal
marshes, store carbon and provide co-benefits such as coastal protection and fisheries …

Marine foundation species are the biotic basis for many of the world's coastal ecosystems,
providing structural habitat, food, and protection for myriad plants and animals as well as …

Climate change is increasing the threat of erosion and flooding along coastlines globally.
Engineering solutions (eg seawalls and breakwaters) in response to protecting coastal …

Human population density within 100 km of the sea is approximately three times higher than
the global average. People in this zone are concentrated in coastal cities that are hubs for …

Native oyster reefs once dominated many estuaries, ecologically and economically.
Centuries of resource extraction exacerbated by coastal degradation have pushed oyster …

Valuation of ecosystem services can provide evidence of the importance of sustaining and
enhancing those resources and the ecosystems that provide them. Long appreciated only as …

Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes all other pervasive human disturbance
to coastal ecosystems, including pollution, degradation of water quality, and anthropogenic …

The management and conservation of the world's oceans require synthesis of spatial data
on the distribution and intensity of human activities and the overlap of their impacts on …

Estuarine and coastal transformation is as old as civilization yet has dramatically
accelerated over the past 150 to 300 years. Reconstructed time lines, causes, and …

Investigations of the role of competition, predation and abiotic stress in sha** natural
communities were a staple for previous generations of ecologists and are still popular …