Censorship circumvention is often fueled by supporters out of goodwill. However, hosting
circumvention proxies can be costly, especially when they are placed in the cloud. We argue …

The ecosystem of censorship circumvention tools (CTs) remains one of the most opaque
and least understood, overshadowed by the precarious legal status around their usage and …

In-network devices around the world monitor and tamper with connections for many reasons,
including intrusion prevention, combating spam or phishing, and country-level censorship …

We present one of the first in-depth and systematic end-user centered investigations into the
effects of sanctions on geoblocking, specifically in the case of Cuba. We conduct network …

During periods of strict internet censorship, maintaining access to online information and
communication becomes paramount. However, users often have to navigate complicated …

Internet censorship is pervasive, with significant effort dedicated to understanding what is
censored, and where. Prior censorship measurements however have identified significant …

There has been substantial commentary on the role of cyberattacks and civilian hacktivists in
the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Drawing on a range of data sources, we argue that the widely …

There has been substantial commentary on the role of cyberattacks carried out by low-level
cybercrime actors in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. We analyse 358k website defacement …

Many censorship evasion systems rely on establishing a connection between the user and a
proxy that acts as the gateway to censored content. However, informing the user about proxy …

In current cellular network generations (4G, 5G) the IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) plays an
integral role in terminating voice calls and short messages. Many operators use VoWiFi …