Race car performance depends on elements such as the engine, tires, suspension, road,
aerodynamics, and of course the driver. In recent years, however, vehicle aerodynamics …

We review the progress made during the last 30 years on ground effect aerodynamics
associated with race cars, in particular open wheel race cars. Ground effect aerodynamics of …

THE flow around an airfoil is considerably modified under the influence of ground effect. The
dividing streamline and the stagnation point generally move down for positive angles of …

The flow characteristics over a symmetrical airfoil––NACA 0015––are studied
experimentally in a low speed wind tunnel. The pressure distribution on the airfoil surface …

The aerodynamics and flow physics of a NACA 4412 airfoil in ground effect for a wide range
of angles of attack from− 4 to 20 deg are investigated by numerical simulations. The …

AWING operating in the proximity to the ground introduces different ow physics from that in
freestream. Comparatively little information is placed in public domain about an inverted …

Morphing structures making use of smart materials are considered to be a promising
technology for the amelioration of the aerodynamic performance of land and air vehicles. In …

Misaligned wind turbine rotors redirect the wake, and manipulate the wake shape by
introducing a counter-rotating vortex pair. This mechanism is of great interest for improving …

The main focus of this paper is on the simulation of flow past a three-dimensional wing-body
configuration (DLR-F6) in ground effect; a complex 3D wing-body configuration in ground …

The flow past a circular cylinder moving through a fluid at different heights above a plane no-
slip boundary is investigated numerically for Reynolds numbers≤ 200. The gap height is …