The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has affected millions of people worldwide. To …

As humans age, the risk and severity of infections vary in line with immune competence
according to how the immune system develops, matures, and declines. Several factors …

Klebsiella species cause a wide range of diseases including pneumonia, urinary tract
infections (UTIs), bloodstream infections and sepsis. These infections are particularly a …

Secondary bacterial infections often complicate viral respiratory infections. We hypothesize
that perturbation of the gut microbiota during influenza A virus (IAV) infection might favor …

2018 marks the 100-year anniversary of the 1918 influenza pandemic, which killed~ 50
million people worldwide. The severity of this pandemic resulted from a complex interplay …

People with Down syndrome show signs of chronic immune dysregulation, including a
higher prevalence of autoimmune disorders, increased rates of hospitalization during …

Despite widespread influenza vaccination programs, influenza remains a major cause of
morbidity and mortality in older adults. Age-related changes in multiple aspects of the …

Recent years have seen several advances in our understanding of immunity to virus
infection of the lower respiratory tract, including to influenza virus infection. Here, we review …

Highlights•Viruses predispose to secondary bacterial infection throughout the respiratory
tract.•Viral damage to airway epithelium and aberrant inflammatory responses play key …

Virus-specific CD8+ T cells develop the ability to function in an “innate” capacity by
responding to a remarkable array of cytokines in a TCR-independent manner. Although …