Collagen mineralization is a biological process in many skeletal elements in the animal
kingdom. Examples of these collagen‐based skeletons are the siliceous spicules of glass …

Biomineralization is an attractive pathway to produce mineral-based biomaterials with high
performance and hierarchical structures. To date, the biomineralization process and …

The recent advent of liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and advances in
cryogenic TEM are transforming our understanding of the physical and chemical …

Natural bone exhibits a complex anisotropic and micro-nano hierarchical structure, more
importantly, bone extracellular matrix (ECM) presents liquid crystal (LC) phase and …

Synthetic substitutes of bone grafts, such as calcium phosphate–based ceramics, have
shown some good clinical successes in the regeneration of large bone defects and are …

Mineralized collagen composites are of interest because they have the potential to provide a
bone-like scaffold that stimulates the natural processes of resorption and remodeling …

The dental implant market has experienced explosive growth, owing to the widespread
acceptance of implants as the core of oral rehabilitation. Clinically, achieving simultaneous …

Intrafibrillar mineralization plays a critical role in attaining desired mechanical properties of
bone. It is well known that amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) infiltrates into the collagen …

Hard tissue engineering has evolved over the past decades, with multiple approaches being
explored and developed. Despite the rapid development and success of advanced 3D cell …

Objective This review elucidates the mechanisms underpinning intrafibrillar mineralization,
examines various amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) stabilizers employed in dentin's …