Major depressive disorder (MDD) will affect one out of every five people in their lifetime and
is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Nevertheless, mechanisms associated with the …

Mood disorders are common and debilitating conditions characterized in part by profound
deficits in reward-related behavioural domains. A recent literature has identified important …

The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only
able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the …

Alcohol consumption and stress increase brain levels of known innate immune signaling
molecules. Microglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, and neurons respond to alcohol …

Across systems, higher-order interactions between components govern emergent dynamics.
Here we tested whether contextual threat memory retrieval in mice relies on higher-order …

Social stress can lead to the development of psychological problems ranging from
exaggerated anxiety and depression to antisocial and violence-related behaviors …

Investigations of long-term changes in brain structure and function that accompany chronic
exposure to drugs of abuse suggest that alterations in gene regulation contribute …

Memories are thought to be sparsely encoded in neuronal networks, but little is known about
why a given neuron is recruited or allocated to a particular memory trace. Previous research …

Addictive drugs cause persistent restructuring of several neuronal cell types in the limbic
regions of brain thought to be responsible for long-term behavioral plasticity driving …

Major depressive disorder is a chronic, remitting syndrome involving widely distributed
circuits in the brain. Stable alterations in gene expression that contribute to structural and …